She's inspired lesson plans, picture books, movies, and one-woman shows. Reliable historical information about Sacagawea is limited. Did Sacagawea disappear? Although she was only 16 years old and the only female in an exploration group of more than 45 people, she was ready to courageously make her mark in American history. In 1800, when she was just 12 years old, Sacagawea was kidnapped by a group of Hidatsa Indians who were at war with the Shoshones. Unauthorized use is prohibited. Tuscaloosa, Ala.: University of Alabama Press, 1996. Charbonneau proposed that Lewis and Clark hire him as a guide and interpreter. Sacagawea was forced to marry Toussaint Charbonneau in 1801 without her consent. During the 1800s, the Hidatsa tribe kidnapped Sacagawea during a buffalo hunt in search of gold, and the Shoshone were enemies of the gun-toting Hidatsa tribe. Scholars estimate that there were approximately 3,000 to 4,000 Hidatsas and Mandans living along the Missouri River at that time. : University of North Texas Press, 2003. Inyearof1803,LewisandClarksetoutonanadventuredeclaredbyThomasJefferson . One notable example came during the return trip, when Sacagawea suggested the group travel through Montana's Bozeman Pass, rather than the Flathead Pass, due to Bozeman being a lower, safer trip. Sacagawea was a member of the Agaideka (Lemhi) Shoshone, who lived in the upper Salmon River Basin in present-day Idaho. This name is most commonly pronounced with the letter g (/s*k**wi*/), and is usually accompanied by a soft g or j sound. Sacagawea married Jean Baptiste in 1897 after the Expedition returned to Fort Mandan, after being allowed to stay with the Expedition members. As they passed through her homeland, Sacagawea remembered Shoshone trails from her childhood and helped the expedition find their way through. name was Sacagawea, and she was a true survivor. Sacagawea was born in approximately 1788, the daughter of a Shoshone Indian Chief, in Lemhi County, Idaho. Sacagawea lived among the Hidatsa tribe until 1803 or 1804, when she and another Shoshone woman were either sold or gambled away to a French-Canadian fur trader named Toussaint Charbonneau, who lived among the tribe. Though she was moved to tears, she resumed her duty as interpreter. Since 2009 the design of the reverse of the coin has been changed every year. After reaching the Pacific coast in November 1805, Sacagawea was allowed to cast her vote along with the other members of the expedition for where they would build a fort to stay for the winter. [Sacagawea] was one of the female prisoners taken at that time; tho' I cannot discover that she shows any emotion of sorrow in recollecting this events, or of joy in being again restored to her native country; if she has enough to eat and a few trinkets to wear I believe she would be perfectly content anywhere. Her naturalists knowledge of the Shoshone trails made her appear to be his pilot, and she may have also helped to explain why Clark claimed her to be his sidekick. We know her brother Cameahwait was chief of the Shoshone Indians, that she had been kidnapped by the Hidatsa Indians when she was about 10 years old and purchased by Toussaint Charbonneau to be one of his two wives. (There were stories that it was another wife of Charbonneau who died at Fort Manuel, but historians don't give much credence to this.) A progressive social reformer and activist, Jane Addams was on the frontline of the settlement house movement and was the first American woman to wina Nobel Peace Prize. Historical documents tell us that Sacagawea died of an unknown illness in the year 1812. The diaries of Lewis and Clark provide a wealth of information about their journey. 1800-1803 In 1800 Sacagawea was kidnapped by the Hidatsa tribe during a buffalo hunt.When she got to their camp,she was the only one there who spoke Shoshone,she must have been very lonely, but while she was at the Hidatsa tribe for three years she learned to speak the Hidatsa language. Sacagaweas life will be celebrated over the course of three years as part of a national event. Sacagawea appears seventeen times in the original Lewis and Clark journals, spelled in eight different ways with an g.. Her story was later written down by her granddaughter, Lucy McKissick, and preserved through oral traditions after Sakakaweas death in 1887. . She convinced the Shoshone to provide additional guides and horses to the expedition members. The daughter of a Shoshone chief, Sacagawea's name means "boat puller" or "bird woman" (if spelled as Sakakawea). Kidnapped from her Shoshone tribe when she was just eleven or twelve, Sacagawea . After the expedition, they settled in North Dakota. The expeditions valuable suppliesfellinto the water and Charbonneau froze. 3. If you know anything at all about Sacagawea, you probably know that she was a guide on the Lewis and Clark Expedition (also known as the Corps of Discovery) to explore the Louisiana Purchase and Pacific Northwest, sagely leading her charges through unforgiving terrain with an almost mystical knowledge of the landscape. The following is the journal entry made by Lewis on February, 1805 about the birth of Jean Babtiste: about five Oclock this evening one of the wives of Charbono was delivered of a fine boy. In July of 1805, the Corps wastraveling up the MissouriRiverwhenSacagawea recognized thethree forksofthe MissouriRiver. Her horse management skills were particularly useful, as were her interpretive skills in interpreting complex Indian sign languages used by the expedition members. Sacagawea was regarded as a valuable addition to Lewis and Clarks language skills. She was then sold as a slave to Toussaint Charbonneau, a French-Canadian fur trader, who claimed her as one of his many wives. Chicago Potter, Teresa, and Mariana Brandman. It was presumed that Toussaint Charbonneau had died. Sakakawea was instrumental in guiding the way and providing vital information to the expedition as part of the trip. Fun Facts about Sacagawea 5: the early life. Sacagawea also made a miraculous discovery of her own during the trip west. Students will analyze the life of Hon. If were going to assign her a job title, interpreter might be a better fit. The English-Shoshone communication would require a four language chain interpretation. In February 1805, Sacagawea gave birth to a son named Jean Baptiste Charbonneau. She was taken from her Rocky Mountain homeland, located in today's Idaho, to the Hidatsa-Mandan villages near modern Bismarck, North Dakota. Sacagawea helped the Corps communicate with the Shoshone, translating alongside her husband when the explorers first met them. Sacagawea left the group to return to what is now Bismarck, South Dakota, before the triumphant return of Lewis and Clark to St. Louis, Missouri, in 1806. She was kidnapped from her village by the Hidatsa Indians when she was 12. Nelson, W. Dale. The Americans stayed in their relatively safe and warm camp through the winter of 1804-05 and waitedintothe spring so that Sacagawea could accompany them west. As a result, Charbonneau was around 34 years old at the time of his marriage to Sacagawea in 1757. Her status as a feminist figure did not disappear (as of today). Since it was technically Charbonneau who had been hired by the Corps, it was he who received payment for the work: 320 acres of land and about $500. However, according to some Native American oral histories, Sacagawea, Janet Yellen: The Progress of Women and Minorities in the Field of Economics, Elinor Lin Ostrom, Nobel Prize Economist, Lessons in Leadership: The Honorable Yvonne B. Miller, Chronicles of American Women: Your History Makers, Women Writing History: A Coronavirus Journaling Project, We Who Believe in Freedom: Black Feminist DC, Learning Resources on Women's Political Participation, https://www.anb.org/view/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.001.0001/anb-9780198606697-e-2000891, https://www.nps.gov/lecl/learn/historyculture/sacagawea.htm, http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/inside/saca.html, http://www.pbs.org/lewisandclark/inside/tchar.html. Sacagawea is assumed to be a Hidatsa name (Sacaga means bird and wea means woman) based on the journal entries of expedition members. When the expedition ended, Sacagawea and Toussaint returned to their Hidatsa village. She was then sold into slavery. . Spouse(s) of Toussaint Charbonneau, Spouse(s) Sacagawea, Otter Woman, and more children. In April of 1805 the expedition headed out. Jean Babtiste was offered an education by Clark, the explorer who had won the hearts of Charbonneau and Sacagwea. [Sacagawea], we find, reconciles all the Indians, as to our friendly intentionsa woman with a party of men is a token of peace. She also helped the expedition to establish friendly relations with the Native American tribes they encountered. Though it was her husband who was formally employed by the Corps of Discovery in November 1804, Sacagawea was a big part of Toussaint Charbonneaus pitch to the explorers. Between 2000 and 2008, the U.S. Mint produced a dollar coin in her honor. The Hidatsa derivation is usually supported by Lewis and Clarks journals. As far as historians know, the first written reference to Sacagawea dates to November 4, 1804, when Clark referred to her in his journal simply as one of the wives of the newly hired Charbonneau. Did Lewis and Clark treat Sacagawea well? As the daughter of the chief o the Lemhi Shoshone, her birth would not have been. He was about 41 years old. She was taken to a Hidatsa village in present-day North Dakota, where she was sold into slavery. These tribes carried rifles provided by white traders which gave them advantage over the Shoshones. The students will discuss diversity within the economics profession and in the federal government, and the functions of the Federal Reserve System and U. S. monetary policy, by reviewing a historic timeline and analyzing the acts of Janet Yellen. Sacagawea didn't have a proper education, but she learned from her tribes. The expedition, instruments, books, gunpowder, medicines, and clothing. Sacagawea would have been about 15 years old at the time; some sources say Charbonneau was born in 1758 while others cite his birth year as 1767, putting him either in his mid-thirties or mid-forties when Sacagawea became his wife. They built Fort Clatsop near present-day Astoria, Oregon, and they remained there until March of the following year. Remaining calm, she retrieved important papers, instruments, books, medicine, and other indispensable valuables that otherwise would have been lost. Here is where they met Toussaint Charbonneau,who lived among the Mandans. Toshiko Akiyoshi changed the face of jazz music over her sixty-year career.